Struggling for Voice in a Black and White World: The Lumbee Indians’ Segregated Educational Experience in North Carolina

Lumbee Indians are a tribe of nonreservation 1 state-recognized Native Americans in Southeastern North Carolina. They are a unique indigenous people as evidenced by their unusual history and cultural origins. The Lumbee have historically lived in southeastern North Carolina, and their territory covered a large region, now known as Robeson, Hoke, Cumberland, and Scotland counties. The Lumbee tribe has grown from a few hundred who lived in this area at European contact, to 57,868, according to the 2000 census. 2

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Notes

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  1. Heather Kimberly Dial